ECG in atrial fibrillation (AF)
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by an absolutely irregular ventricular rhythm and the absence of teeth R. It can be paroxysmal, persistent or permanent (in the Russian-language literature in relation to permanent AF, the terms “permanent” or “chronic” are often used). Causes may include hypertension, MI, cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, hyperthyroidism, SSS, and alcohol use. Often, arrhythmia is idiopathic. Its prevalence increases with age, the probability of its occurrence throughout life is 26%.
An individual approach to treatment is necessary, taking into account the etiological factors, clinical manifestations and risks of the arrhythmia itself. Although in most cases it is possible to restore sinus rhythm using cardioversion, quite often the arrhythmia recurs. You can stop and / or prevent the recurrence of OP using flekainid, amio-daron and sotalol, but not digoxin. The frequency of ventricular contractions in AF can be controlled using calcium channel blockers or BAB; use of digoxin may not be enough to control the rhythm, especially during physical exertion.
Stratification of the risk of systemic emboli using the CHA2DS2VASc scale allows you to choose how to prevent these complications with non-valvular AF: taking aspirin, indirect anticoagulants (for example, warfarin or dabigatran) or performing an intervention to occlude the left atrium (LP) using a special device.